A cluster randomized trial is a type of research study in which groups or clusters of participants, rather than individual participants, are randomly assigned to different treatment groups. This design is often used in studies where it is not feasible or practical to randomize individual participants, such as in interventions that are delivered at the community, organizational, or group level. Cluster randomized trials are commonly used in public health and education research to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on a larger scale. Data analysis in cluster randomized trials takes into account the clustering of participants within groups and requires specialized statistical methods to properly estimate treatment effects and account for the clustering effect.